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EV Regenerative Braking Kinetic Energy & Power Cap Formula
Calculate Deceleration Kinetic Energy Shed Delta_KE (kJ), Average Braking Power (kW), Peak Initial High-Speed Braking Power (kW), and BMS-Capped Battery Energy Recovered (Wh).
Read the guide →MathEVEN and ODD functions: round quantities away from zero to pair or odd counts
Round order quantities up to twin-pack even integers with EVEN or centered odd display counts with ODD.
Read the guide →Financial & AccountingEven-Principal Loan Interest Schedule (ISPMT Formula vs Level-Payment IPMT)
Calculate periodic interest and lifetime interest on straight-line (even-principal) commercial loans and municipal bonds where an equal slice of principal PV / Nper is retired each period.
Read the guide →StatisticalEWMA (Exponential Smoothing) & Croston Intermittent Demand Forecast formulas
Forecast continuous series via EWMA F_{t+1} = alpha * Y_t + (1 - alpha) * F_t and lumpy zero-heavy spare-parts demand via Croston's Size / Interval ratio.
Read the guide →Logical checks and errorsEXACT function: compare two text strings with case sensitivity
Standard spreadsheet equality (=) treats uppercase and lowercase letters as identical. Use EXACT when external IDs, coupon tokens, or batch codes depend on letter case.
Read the guide →Reinsurance & Actuarial PricingExcess-of-Loss (XL) Layer & Rate-on-Line Formula
Calculate per-occurrence Excess-of-Loss reinsurance recovery MIN(Limit, MAX(0, Loss - Retention)), Burning-Cost Rate, Loaded Treaty Rate-on-Line (ROL = Premium / Limit), and Payback Years.
Read the guide →StatisticalExclusive Percentile and Quartile Interpolation (PERCENTILE.EXC & QUARTILE.EXC Formula)
Compute Weibull (N + 1) * k exclusive percentiles and quartiles alongside PERCENTILE_INC so small-sample tail cutoffs match engineering and hydrological standards.
Read the guide →MathEXP function: model continuous compounding and exponential decay
Raise Euler's constant e (2.71828...) to any power with EXP to calculate continuous growth P*e^(r*t) and exponential decay.
Read the guide →Statistical & MathExpected Calibration Error (ECE) & Expected-to-Observed (E/O) Risk Ratio
Audit clinical risk scores and ML classifiers across probability bins using Expected Calibration Error ECE = SUM(n_b * |p_pred - p_obs|) / N and overall Expected-to-Observed event ratio E/O = SUM(n_b * p_pred) / SUM(n_b * p_obs).
Read the guide →FinancialExpense or headcount begins on specific month (FP&A start/end date trigger)
Turn planned hires, SaaS subscriptions, and fixed-term contractor costs ON at StartMonth and OFF after EndMonth across a multi-column FP&A forecast.
Read the guide →StatisticalExponential Distribution PDF, CDF, and Memoryless Survival Probability (EXPON.DIST Formula)
Calculate inter-arrival probability density, cumulative failure probability, survival probability P(T > x), and target SLA quantiles using EXP and LN.
Read the guide →EngineeringExponential half-life model: remaining quantity and threshold time
Calculate an ideal exponential quantity and the time to a positive mathematical threshold.
Read the guide →StatisticalExponential Moving Average (EMA) and exponential smoothing formula
Smooth noisy time series recursively using Alpha = 2 / (Span + 1) and EMA_t = Alpha * Actual_t + (1 - Alpha) * EMA_{t-1}.
Read the guide →StatisticalExponential Regression Compound Growth Factor and Base Formula (LOGEST via LN & SLOPE)
Fit exponential curves y = a * b^x using log-transformed linear regression EXP(SLOPE(LN(y), x)) and EXP(INTERCEPT(LN(y), x)) to forecast compounding series.
Read the guide →International Trade Finance & Export BankingExport Forfaiting Straight Discount to Yield Formula
Convert ICC URF 800 Forfaiting Straight Discount Quotes (ACT/360 plus Settlement Grace Days) into Upfront Discount Deduction, Net Exporter Proceeds, Discount-to-Yield Rate, and All-In Effective APR.
Read the guide →Corporate Financial Planning & FP&AExternal Financing Needed (EFN) Sales Plug Formula
Forecast pro-forma balance-sheet funding gaps via External Financing Needed EFN = ((A* - L*) / S_0)*Delta_S - PM * S_0 * (1 + g) * (1 - d) and find the zero-EFN internal growth cutoff.
Read the guide →Lookup & ReferenceExtract All Partial Substring Matches Into a Dynamic List (FILTER & SEARCH)
Return every row whose description or SKU contains a partial search string using row-level ISNUMBER(SEARCH(...)) flags paired with FILTER, replacing fragile legacy INDEX/SMALL array formulas.
Read the guide →Text & String FormulasExtract Clean Hostname / Domain from Any URL (LEFT, FIND & SUBSTITUTE)
Strip http://, https://, leading www., port numbers (:8443), and trailing /path?query segments from messy referral URLs using sentinel-guarded FIND and SUBSTITUTE.
Read the guide →Data Cleaning & TextExtract Common Shared Items Between Two Comma-Delimited Text Strings
Tokenize two comma-separated tag or skill strings with TEXTSPLIT and TOCOL, filter the overlapping tokens, and return a clean comma-joined intersection.
Read the guide →Dynamic ArraysExtract common values from two lists (set intersection with FILTER)
Find items that appear in BOTH List A and List B—count shared records and extract a deduplicated overlap list dynamically.
Read the guide →Date & TimeExtract date or time from a timestamp: split serial numbers with INT and MOD
Strip the clock fraction from date-time timestamps with INT(timestamp) so date lookups and daily groupings match cleanly.
Read the guide →TextExtract display name and company domain from an email address
Split mailbox handles and domains around "@" with TEXTBEFORE and TEXTAFTER, and turn dot/underscore usernames into Proper Case names.
Read the guide →TextExtract domain, clean URL, and page slug from web URLs
Strip ?utm query parameters, isolate the hostname after "://", and pull the final URL slug for SEO and analytics audits.
Read the guide →TextExtract last 2 (or N) words & remove the last word (TEXTAFTER / TEXTBEFORE -N)
Use negative instance numbers (-1, -2) in TEXTAFTER and TEXTBEFORE to slice from the RIGHT end of any phrase without RIGHT/SUBSTITUTE hacks.
Read the guide →Text & String FormulasExtract Middle Name(s) from Full Name (MID, FIND & SUBSTITUTE)
Isolate one or multiple middle names between the first and last space of a full name—and cleanly return "" when a person has only a first and last name—using TRIM, SUBSTITUTE nth-instance markers, and MID.
Read the guide →TextExtract text between parentheses (or brackets) with formulas
Pull SKUs, tickers, or currency codes enclosed in parentheses using TEXTBEFORE/TEXTAFTER or classic MID and FIND.
Read the guide →TextExtract the final domain label (.com, .org, .uk) from simple URLs and emails
Isolate a simple hostname, then extract its last dot-separated label with TEXTAFTER.
Read the guide →TextExtract the first or last word from a cell (single-word safe)
Pull the leading prefix token or trailing word from trimmed text with TEXTBEFORE/TEXTAFTER and IFERROR fallback for 1-word cells.
Read the guide →Text & String ManipulationExtract the Full Word Containing Specific Text (REPT Space-Island Method)
Pull an entire SKU, invoice tag, or email handle out of free-form memo text wherever a target prefix or substring appears—using the REPT(" ", 100) space-island pattern.
Read the guide →TextExtract the Nth word from a text string (or trim text to N words)
Normalize irregular spacing with TRIM, pull the exact Nth word with INDEX and TEXTSPLIT, or truncate descriptions to the first N words.
Read the guide →Text & String ManipulationExtract the Single Word Containing a Specific Substring (@, #, SKU-)
Pull out the exact space-delimited token containing "@", "#INC-", or "ORD-" from unstructured log messages using the padded-space SUBSTITUTE + SEARCH + MID + TRIM island technique.
Read the guide →Dynamic ArraysExtract unique multi-column rows and non-adjacent column pairs (UNIQUE & CHOOSECOLS)
Deduplicate entire multi-column records or specific non-adjacent columns (like Region + Plan) without modifying source data.
Read the guide →Lookup & ReferenceExtract unique values across multiple ranges while ignoring blanks (VSTACK, FILTER & UNIQUE)
Combine two lists, remove empty entries while retaining numeric zero, and produce a sorted distinct list and count.
Read the guide →TextExtract URL query parameters and UTM tags (utm_source, utm_campaign) by key
Extract the first raw value of a named query parameter from a controlled URL, excluding its fragment.
Read the guide →Dynamic ArraysExtract values that appear ONLY ONCE (UNIQUE 3rd argument: distinct vs singleton)
List identifiers that occur exactly once in a supplied range, rather than returning every distinct identifier.
Read the guide →TextExtract words starting with #, @, or a prefix (#hashtags, @mentions, Jira IDs)
Pull the 1st, 2nd, or Nth #hashtag, @mention, or PROJ- ticket code from free-form notes using padded " " & TRIM(A2) & " " with TEXTAFTER and TEXTBEFORE.
Read the guide →Text & String CleaningExtract Workbook Filename, Folder Path & Sheet Tab Name from File Path (MID + FIND)
Split an Excel CELL("filename") path string like C:\Finance\[FY2026_Budget.xlsx]RevOps_Q4 into its workbook filename, folder directory, and active worksheet tab name.
Read the guide →Power-Electronics Thermal Management, Extended-Surface Fin Efficiency & Heat TransferExtruded Heatsink Fin Efficiency TANH(mL)/(mL) Formula
Calculate Dimensionless Fin Parameter m*L, Single-Fin Efficiency eta_f = TANH(mL)/(mL) (%), Overall Finned-Array Thermal Resistance R_sa (°C/W), and Heatsink Base Temperature Ts (°C).
Read the guide →Statistical AnalysisF-Distribution Right-Tail P-Value & ANOVA Critical Cutoff (F.DIST.RT & F.INV.RT)
Convert ANOVA and variance-equality F-ratios into normalized Paulson cube-root Z-scores, right-tail p-values (F.DIST.RT), and alpha significance cutoffs across numerator and denominator degrees of freedom.
Read the guide →StatisticalF-Test formula: compare two sample variances (precision & spread ratio)
Calculate an oriented variance ratio and compare it with a two-sided F-test threshold under the stated assumptions.
Read the guide →Engineering & ScienceFabry-Perot Etalon: Free Spectral Range (FSR), Reflective Finesse & Linewidth
Calculate optical cavity Free Spectral Range FSR = c / (2 * n * L) in GHz, mirror Reflective Finesse F = (PI() * SQRT(R)) / (1 - R), and transmission peak FWHM = FSR / F.
Read the guide →MathFACT function: calculate factorials, route permutations, and combinations
Compute n! arrangements, ordered permutations n! / (n - k)!, and unordered combinations using FACT.
Read the guide →Business & OperationsFactory Physics CONWIP: Critical WIP (W0), Best-Case & Practical Worst-Case Throughput
Benchmark manufacturing line performance under Constant Work-In-Process (CONWIP) cap w using Hopp & Spearman Critical WIP W0 = rb * T0, Best-Case MIN(w/T0, rb), and Practical Worst-Case throughput (w / (w + W0 - 1)) * rb.
Read the guide →Marketing Science & Customer Lifetime ValueFader-Hardie BG/NBD Customer P(Alive) Formula
Calculate non-contractual repeat-buyer active probability P(Alive | x, t_x, T) = 1 / (1 + (a / (b + x - 1)) * ((T + beta) / (t_x + beta))^(r + x)) and uncover the Increase-Frequency Paradox.
Read the guide →Healthcare & Clinical CalculationsFagan’s Nomogram Calculator: Likelihood Ratios & Post-Test Probability
Replace straight-edge paper Fagan nomograms with exact Bayesian odds updates—converting Pre-Test Probability, Sensitivity, and Specificity into LR+, LR-, Positive Post-Test Probability (%), and Negative Post-Test Probability (%).
Read the guide →Civil, Structural & Geotechnical EngineeringFair-Hatch Rapid Sand Filter Clean-Bed Head Loss Formula: Porosity & Sphericity
Calculate clean-bed hydraulic head loss h_L (m) through drinking-water rapid sand and dual-media anthracite filters using Gordon M. Fair and L. P. Hatch’s (1933) laminar porous-media drag equation.
Read the guide →Engineering & ScienceFair’s Distillation Tray Flooding Velocity & Column Diameter Formula
Calculate maximum net-area vapor flooding velocity u_flood = C_sb * SQRT((ρ_L - ρ_V) / ρ_V) * (σ / 20)^0.2 (m/s) and minimum distillation column diameter via James Fair’s 1961 entrainment correlation.
Read the guide →Quantitative Finance & Empirical Asset PricingFama-MacBeth Risk Premia and Shanken EIV Standard Error Formula
Adjust naive Fama-MacBeth cross-sectional t-statistics for first-pass beta estimation error using Shanken’s (1992) errors-in-variables factor c_S = 1 + (lambda_hat / sigma_f)^2.
Read the guide →EngineeringFanno Compressible Pipe Flow Friction Parameter (4fL*/D) & Sonic Choking
Calculate the dimensionless Fanno friction choking parameter 4*f*L*/D = (1 - M^2)/(gamma*M^2) + ((gamma+1)/(2*gamma))*LN(((gamma+1)*M^2)/(2 + (gamma-1)*M^2)) and maximum unchoked gas pipe length L_max.
Read the guide →Agronomy & Precision Irrigation EngineeringFAO Crop Coefficient Kc & Leaching Fraction Formula
Calculate FAO-56 Crop Evapotranspiration ET_c = K_c * ET_0, Ayers-Westcot Salinity Leaching Requirement LR = EC_w / (5 * EC_e - EC_w), Net Leaching-Adjusted Depth, and Gross Pumped Irrigation.
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