Date & Time
Roll weekend or Monday dates to Friday / Monday (nearest workday rules)
Apply illustrative weekend shifts or calculate the previous Monday–Friday working date.
Three common business-calendar adjustment rules
One example policy moves Saturday back to Friday and Sunday forward to Monday. CHOOSE assigns the offset for each weekday.
WORKDAY(date,-1,holidays) uses a Monday–Friday calendar and the supplied holiday list; it is not an exchange calendar.
| Calendar Date (A) | Weekday | Nearest Workday (Sat->Fri, Sun->Mon) | Prior Close WORKDAY(d,-1) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-05-04 | Monday | 2026-05-04 (unchanged) | 2026-05-01 (Friday) |
| 2026-05-09 | Saturday | 2026-05-08 (Friday, -1d) | 2026-05-08 (Friday) |
| 2026-05-10 | Sunday | 2026-05-11 (Monday, +1d) | 2026-05-08 (Friday) |
Nearest workday and Monday-rollback formulas
With WEEKDAY(d, 2), Monday..Friday = 1..5 (offset 0), Saturday = 6 (offset -1), and Sunday = 7 (offset +1).
=TEXT(A3 + CHOOSE(WEEKDAY(A3, 2), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1),"yyyy-mm-dd")Previous business day (rolls Monday back to Friday)
Pass an optional holiday range as the 3rd argument of WORKDAY to skip bank holidays too.
=TEXT(WORKDAY(A2,-1),"yyyy-mm-dd")Inputs and interpretation
These are illustrative Monday–Friday policies, not universal payroll or trading-calendar rules. The CHOOSE rule ignores holidays. WORKDAY excludes only its weekends and the holiday dates supplied by you. The table assumes no holidays, including May 1. A Monday-only rollback differs from a previous-business-day rule.
Try the example
Use the original values or change them to test your understanding.