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Convert snake_case, kebab-case, camelCase, and Human Title labels

Transform database column names (customer_first_name) into report headers ("Customer First Name"), camelCase ("customerFirstName"), and ENV_VARS.

Derive labels and simple keys from separated words

Replace underscores and hyphens with spaces, trim, then apply PROPER for a title-style label. Remove those spaces and lowercase the first character for a simple lowerCamelCase result.

This transformation is lossy, not reversible: acronym capitalization and original separators are discarded. Distinct inputs can produce the same key. It does not validate programming-language identifiers, reserved words or uniqueness; punctuation and leading digits need a separate policy.

Examples assume ordinary ASCII word-based identifiers. Locale-specific casing and Unicode word boundaries can differ between engines. Empty inputs return an empty result.

Source IdentifierHuman Report HeaderAPI camelCase KeySQL / ENV Constant
"gross_profit_margin""Gross Profit Margin""grossProfitMargin""GROSS_PROFIT_MARGIN"
"net-annual-revenue""Net Annual Revenue""netAnnualRevenue""NET_ANNUAL_REVENUE"

Convert snake_case or kebab-case to Human Title Case and camelCase

Handles single or repeated underscores and hyphens cleanly via TRIM.

=IF(COUNTBLANK(A2)=1,"",PROPER(TRIM(SUBSTITUTE(SUBSTITUTE(A2, "_", " "), "-", " "))))

Generate a simple lowerCamelCase candidate

Capitalizes every word via PROPER, removes spaces, and forces character 1 to lowercase.

=IF(COUNTBLANK(A2)=1,"",LET(p, SUBSTITUTE(PROPER(TRIM(SUBSTITUTE(SUBSTITUTE(A2, "_", " "), "-", " "))), " ", ""), LOWER(LEFT(p, 1)) & MID(p, 2, LEN(p))))

Try the example

Use the original values or change them to test your understanding.

Further reading